Qasr Ibrahim, a massive fortress that dominated the east bank of Nile today is an island in the middle of Lake Nasser. It is the only archeoloogical place in Nubia that, by its position, still survived in the same place above the waters of the Lake Nasser. The ruins are mostly Coptics, dominated by the Christian cathedral. Once the Nubia, a region rich in gold, was a necessary link between Equatorial Africa and the Mediterranean civilisations. The pharaohs build many temples in Nubia, the most grandiose expression is Abu Simbel built by Ramesses II. In 1971, with the construction of the Aswan High Dam, an extraordinary campaign of UNESCO saved many temples. The most difficult rescue operation was the salvage of Abu Simbel monumental complex. Today only few small cruise ships reach the Nubian monuments, far from the mass tourism of Nile valley.
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